What is the nature nurture debate. Nature & Nurture Debate Flashcards 2022-10-16
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The nature versus nurture debate is a long-standing discussion in the field of psychology that centers on the relative influence of genetics and environment on human development and behavior. At the heart of this debate is the question of whether people are born with certain traits and characteristics, or whether these traits are shaped by the experiences and influences of their environment.
On one side of the debate are those who argue that nature, or genetics, plays a dominant role in determining who we are. This perspective suggests that our genes dictate everything from our physical characteristics to our personality traits, and that these traits are largely fixed and cannot be changed. Those who hold this view believe that genetics is the primary factor in determining an individual's characteristics and behaviors.
On the other side of the debate are those who argue that nurture, or the environment, plays a more significant role in shaping who we are. This perspective suggests that our experiences and the influences of our environment are the primary drivers of our development and behavior. According to this view, our genes may play a role in determining certain characteristics, but it is our environment that ultimately shapes how these characteristics are expressed.
One of the main arguments in support of the nurture side of the debate is the fact that people can exhibit very different characteristics and behaviors even if they have similar genetics. For example, two siblings with the same parents may have very different personalities and temperaments, suggesting that their experiences and the environment in which they were raised played a significant role in shaping these differences.
Another argument in favor of the nurture perspective is the fact that people can change their behavior and characteristics over time, even in adulthood. This suggests that our experiences and environment can have a lasting impact on who we are and how we behave.
Despite the ongoing nature versus nurture debate, it is widely accepted that both genetics and the environment play a role in shaping who we are. Most experts now believe that it is the interaction between these two factors that ultimately determines an individual's characteristics and behaviors.
In conclusion, the nature versus nurture debate is a complex and ongoing discussion in the field of psychology. While genetics may play a role in determining certain characteristics, it is ultimately the influence of the environment that shapes who we are and how we behave.
Nature & Nurture Debate Flashcards
Noam Chomsky, was famous for his views on how the impact of biology and nurture impacted the development of language. JournalOwl is not authorized to make recommendations about medication or serve as a substitute for professional advice. Taking this approach also has evidence behind it given that a combination of both therapy and medication has in some cases been shown to be more effective than either of the approaches alone. The learning approach argues that behaviour actively evolves throughout our lives, either through direct interactions with the environment or by observing others that modelled certain behaviours for us. One example of a nativist theory in psychology is Chomsky's Universal Grammar theory.
Environment can amplify our genetic predispositions, and can also shape the way we react to different situations and the way we act and think. Can Nature Affect Nurture? The empiricist view attributes our characteristics to experiences and learning. Despite the amount of research that has been conducted on the development of language, we still do not know how adults and children develop language. The field of behavioral neuroscience has researched a wide variety of topics and examined just how neuroanatomy may affect these areas. Though this has led to challenging political positions such as the belief that women are hard-wired to domestic labour and child-rearing while men are sexually aggressive. Within the next section of this article, we will review how various branches in the field of psychology view the nature vs nurture debate and their current thoughts on the approach to psychology. Therefore, Freud and his psychoanalytical therapy rely heavily on nurture as a way of explaining human behavior.
If adopted children are found to be more similar to their adoptive parents, this suggests the environment is the bigger influence. Specifically, the development of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD, requires the experience of an environmental event, a trauma, in order to meet criteria for the diagnosis. Specifically, having low levels of serotonin in the brain leads to an increased risk of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Francis Galton studied twins to determine how much nature and nurture relatively impacted behaviors and looks, and ultimately concluded that nature makes the biggest impact. Out of these differences in psychology, different branches developed their own views of how much nature and how much nurture ultimately impacts the development of human behavior. In contrast, therapy focuses more on changing the environmental side of mental health disorders. Introverts can be drawn to quiet settings or activities that don't require too many social interactions, while people that have an innate tendency to be aggressive might look for environments where conflict is likely to occur.
Known as one of the most monumental and earliest forms of debate in the field of science, it has sparked numerous important discussions that continue today. Then the therapist helps guide the person into changing their environment in a way that can be more helpful and reduce the impacts of their mental health on their overall functioning. They argue that the nature versus nurture debate is not one of dichotomous views that cannot come together, but instead is one in which they interact together in order to lead to the development of human behavior and mental health concerns. The idea that the social characteristic of people have arisen through evolution. Epigenetics is the study of changes in the expression of genes that do not result from alterations in the sequence of the genetic code.
This does not mean that 60% of your extraversion was accounted for by your genes. It is not one factor that ultimately leads to the development of mental health concerns, but rather the combination of a variety of factors. Health Disclaimer JournalOwl is not intended to be a substitute for professional advice, diagnosis, medical treatment, medication, or therapy. However, taking on either one of the extreme approaches can be reductionistic, as they discard other potentially relevant levels of explanation and the interactions between nature and nurture. Overall, most psychologists and researchers agree that nature and nurture play some role in these concerns, although they vary with how much they will impact each. If creativity had low heritability, we would see a broad variation in creativity among twins or family members.
Guards become verbally and physically aggressive. Supporters of this theory claim that language is too complex of an ability to acquire without built-in 'tools' to help us process it. In 1869, Francis Galton coined the term nature versus nurture following his research on twins. Anxiety disorders are difficult to tease apart just how much is related to genetics and how much is due to observations or interactions with a parent. In the 20th century, there was a great expansion of interest into the role environment plays in human behavior.
This will come into play much later as we discuss the interactionist perspective. Twin studies have been developed and other genetics research to examine these questions. On the other hand, nurture refers to the ways in which environment e. Twin studies found higher concordance rates for schizophrenia in MZ twins 58% than DZ twins 12%. This supports the view that the life experiences of previous generations can leave epigenetic 'markers' that influence the health of their offspring.
One example of how environmental effects can span generations presumably through epigenetic effects comes from events of the Second World War. Evidence of the importance of the nurture theory. The Nature or Nurture debate boils down to a few questions. This view also rejects the possibility of behaviours being innate. Moreover, as demonstrated in the above examples, t he two influences can interact through reactive gene-environment interactions, niche picking or neuroplasticity.
Specifically, it has led to ample amounts of research into how much genetics and environment play a role in human behavior. Always seek the advice of your physician or qualified mental health provider with any questions you may have regarding any mental health symptoms or conditions. Additionally, since this is a dominant gene, it has a much higher chance of being expressed than a recessive gene. There are multiple examples of how genes and environment interplay within the field of psychology that leads to the expression of certain traits rather than others. As a result, behaviorism has shown how environment can play a role in the development of mental health disorders and concerns. Plomin refers to this as niche-picking. Specifically, the topic areas of sleep, circadian rhythms, mental health disorders, appetite, and emotion are all important to the field of behavioral neuroscience.
Behaviour shaping, a behaviourist concept, has had practical application in therapy. For some neurodevelopmental disorders, such as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder, there is strong evidence that they are the result of genetics and differences in the brain. For example, parents who read and speak more to their children are much more likely to have children who develop greater intelligence, suggesting that the environment plays a significant role in the development of intelligence as well. However, research suggests that this approach may be misguided, that nature and nurture are not two entities that can simply be pulled apart. How nature and nurture interact. According to Freud, the id is the unconscious drive that we are all fighting against and that impacts our behavior. On the other hand, there is also research to suggest that how parents interact with their children influences their cognitive abilities.
