Topical organization example. Chapter 15: Speaking to inform Flashcards 2022-10-19
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Topical organization is a type of organizational structure in which a text is arranged according to the topics or themes that it covers. This is in contrast to other forms of organization, such as chronological or spatial, which are based on the order in which events occurred or the location of objects or events.
One example of a text that is organized using topical organization is a textbook. Textbooks often cover a wide range of topics related to a particular subject, such as biology or history. In order to present this information in a clear and logical way, the authors of the textbook will often organize the chapters or sections of the book according to the various topics being covered.
For instance, a biology textbook might have a chapter on evolution, followed by a chapter on genetics, and then a chapter on ecology. Each of these chapters would contain information about these specific topics, and would be organized in a way that allows the reader to easily understand and learn about each topic.
Another example of a text that is organized using topical organization is a research paper. In a research paper, the author is typically trying to present information about a specific topic or issue. In order to do this effectively, the author will often organize the paper according to the various subtopics or themes that make up the overall topic.
For instance, a research paper about the effects of social media on mental health might be organized into sections on the impact of social media on self-esteem, the relationship between social media use and depression, and the role of social media in the development of anxiety disorders. Each of these sections would contain information about these specific subtopics, and would be organized in a way that allows the reader to easily understand and learn about each one.
In conclusion, topical organization is a useful and effective way to organize a text in order to present information about a particular topic or set of topics in a clear and logical way. By organizing a text according to the themes or topics it covers, the reader is able to easily understand and learn about the material being presented.
7.3 Organizational Patterns of Arrangement
Sometimes natural disasters are not that exciting, even when they are horrible. Things can be described from top to bottom, inside to outside, left to right, north to south, and so on. Things can be described from top to bottom, inside to outside, left to right, north to south, and so on. In a chronological speech, main points are delivered according to when they happened and could be traced on a calendar or clock. You would not want your first Main Point to be 30 seconds long, the second one to be 90 seconds, and the third 3 minutes. Organizational patterns help you to organize your thoughts and speech content so that you are able to develop your ideas in a way that makes sense to the audience.
A topical speech about the composition of a newspaper company can be seen in the following textbox. Psychologically, it makes more sense to use problem-solution rather than solution-problem. There will be times when a specific purpose could work with two different organizational patterns. Returning to the example of a persuasive speech about trade schools, the speaker would find supporting materials that contain evidence to support the main points or reasons why trade school is better than college. Causal or Cause-and-Effect Pattern Another way of organizing a speech on a particular topic is to look at the subject in terms of cause and effect. Depending on your topic, you may decide it is more impactful to start with the effects, and work back to the causes effect-cause pattern.
It will inform the audience of the speech's purpose. Benson First Friday features works local artists every month, as well as Cali Commons and the Hot Shops Studio. Specific Purpose: To explain to my fellow Biology 1107 students the origin of the West Nile Virus epidemic in the U. In a comparison and contrast pattern, the writer discusses a topic by highlighting the similarities and differences between it and something else; in an advantage-disadvantage pattern they discuss the positive and negative aspects of a topic. The Speech "All journeys have secret destinations of which the traveller is unaware," even in the City of Omaha in the State of Nebraska. One way to arrange the information is to compare and contrast the two educational options along several important dimensions, such as cost, quality of education, and variety of educational programs.
Then, we will look at her early career, followed by her years during the Oprah Winfrey show. Although they are related in that way, the topical style illustrates the ways in which the four different departments function apart from one another. The essay organization types that the average person is most likely to use and encounter include chronological order, order of importance, comparison and contrast, and cause and effect. Supporting materials are books or online sources containing evidence examples, facts, or statistics that support the speech's main points. It is not absolutely necessary to use it and will not always be relevant, but parallelism should be used when appropriate and effective. One of the problems with chronological speeches is, as mentioned before, that you would not want just a list of activities.
In the spatial example above about the Native American nations of Georgia, the subpoints might be chronological emphasizing their development over time , or they could be topical explaining aspects of their culture. In South Campus, pharmacy, veterinary, and biomedical science students traverse newly constructed parts of campus featuring well-kept landscaping and modern architecture. If none of the other speech patterns apply, use the topical pattern. Spatial Pattern Another way to organize the points of a speech is through a spatial speech, which arranges main points according to their physical and geographic relationships. The library can be accessed five days a week and online and has a multitude of books, periodicals, and other resources to use.
For purposes of preparation, this is a good habit, and your instructor will probably require you to write your main points in full sentences. Even if you wanted your friends to go out to get some dinner, and they have recently eaten, you will probably be less successful because there is no problem for them—they are not hungry. Speeches are organized to assist the audience in understanding and following the speech's content. See the examples below. Catch the trade winds in your sails. The editorial department produces the written content of the newspaper, including feature stories.
In South Campus, pharmacy, veterinary, and biomedical science students traverse newly constructed parts of campus featuring well-kept landscaping and modern architecture. You will also notice that in most of the examples so far, the main points are phrased using a similar sentence structure. The ASG computer lab is open for students to use for several hours a day, as well as to print up to 15 pages a day for free. In this particular example, a further effect would be found in discussing the details of how foreign aid can help the victims. After researching and gathering information for the speech, the speechwriter must decide which organizational pattern to use to present the information. There is a great deal you could say about the equipment and even more about the rules of play, but the number of players would take you about ten seconds to say. Compare and Contrast Pattern Example One I.
They provide an array of vegetables, dairy, and meats, among other things. An organized speech gives credibility to the speaker as well. Informative speeches about a series of events most commonly engage the chronological style, as do many demonstrative speeches e. Some possible topics include a particular sport, hobby, career, location in the world, cultural event or celebration, historical event, or technological advancement. For example: Specific purpose: To defend before my classmates the proposition that capital punishment should be abolished in the United States. Types of Organizational Patterns When it comes to choosing an organizational pattern for a piece of writing, it is important to be aware that while there are dozens of possible organizational patterns, some are used more frequently than others for a reason. A political candidate seeking office might frame a speech using the problem-solution style sse texbox.
Lucas, 2012 For an even more localized example: Specific Purpose: To describe to my Anatomy and Physiology class the three layers of the human skin. People seek out patterns to help make sense of information. Moreover, choosing the right structure for the topic and goals of a piece allows an author's work to be more convincing and more memorable. Signposts, also called transitions, are words and phrases that tell the audience where the speaker is going. One approach can be to share what caused something to happen, and what the effects were. However, chronological time can be long or short.
