Quasi-judicial functions refer to the powers and duties that are exercised by certain government agencies or bodies, which are similar to those exercised by courts, but are not courts in the strict sense of the term. In India, quasi-judicial functions are exercised by various administrative tribunals and other agencies that are empowered to resolve disputes and make decisions on legal matters, often in a way that is more expeditious and informal than the traditional court system.
One of the main advantages of quasi-judicial bodies is that they can provide a more specialized and efficient forum for resolving disputes in specific areas of law. For example, the Income Tax Appellate Tribunal is a quasi-judicial body that deals with appeals related to income tax matters, while the National Green Tribunal is a specialized forum for hearing cases related to environmental protection.
Quasi-judicial bodies also have the power to interpret and apply the law in a way that is consistent with their mandate and expertise. For example, the Telecom Disputes Settlement and Appellate Tribunal is responsible for adjudicating disputes between telecom service providers, and has the authority to interpret and apply telecom laws and regulations in order to resolve these disputes.
In addition to their specialized expertise, quasi-judicial bodies also offer a more informal and expeditious process for resolving disputes. Unlike traditional courts, which can be slow and expensive, quasi-judicial bodies often have more streamlined procedures and are able to make decisions more quickly. This can be especially beneficial in cases where time is of the essence, such as in matters involving the environment or public health.
Despite their many advantages, quasi-judicial bodies are not without their critics. Some argue that these bodies lack the independence and impartiality of the traditional court system, and may be subject to political influence or pressure. Others argue that the specialized nature of quasi-judicial bodies may exclude certain parties from participating in the decision-making process, or may result in decisions that are not in line with broader legal principles.
Despite these concerns, quasi-judicial functions continue to play an important role in the Indian legal system. These bodies provide a vital forum for resolving disputes and interpreting the law in a specialized and efficient manner, and are an important part of the broader system of justice in India.
