Periods of human development psychology refers to the stages of development that individuals go through as they age. These stages are characterized by distinct physical, cognitive, and social-emotional milestones that mark the progress of an individual from infancy to old age.
The first period of human development is infancy, which begins at birth and lasts until about 18 months of age. During this stage, babies are completely dependent on their caregivers for their basic needs and are unable to communicate or comprehend the world around them. Despite this, they are constantly learning and exploring their environment through their senses, such as sight, touch, and hearing.
The next period of development is toddlerhood, which lasts from 18 months to about 3 years of age. Toddlers are more mobile and independent, and they begin to learn basic self-care skills such as feeding themselves and using the bathroom. They also begin to develop stronger language skills and the ability to understand and follow simple instructions.
Preschool years, which last from 3 to 5 years of age, are marked by significant cognitive and social-emotional development. Children at this stage become more interested in their surroundings and begin to ask questions about the world around them. They also start to develop stronger friendships and learn how to share and take turns.
School-aged children, from 6 to 12 years of age, continue to develop their cognitive and social-emotional skills. They become more adept at problem-solving and abstract thinking, and they also learn about social norms and rules.
Adolescence, which begins at puberty and lasts until young adulthood, is a time of significant change and transition. Adolescents go through physical, cognitive, and emotional changes as they become more independent and begin to define their own identities. They also face new challenges, such as making decisions about their education and future careers.
The final period of human development is adulthood, which begins in the early 20s and continues until old age. Adults continue to develop and change throughout this stage, both physically and mentally. They may start families, pursue higher education, and establish careers, and they may also face challenges such as illness and aging.
Overall, periods of human development psychology describe the stages of growth and development that individuals go through as they age. Understanding these stages can help us better understand and support the development of individuals at different ages.