How does ph affect the activity of catalase. Discover the affects of PH on the enzyme catalase 2022-10-31
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Catalase is an enzyme that is found in nearly all living organisms and plays a crucial role in the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide, a toxic byproduct of cellular metabolism. The activity of catalase is affected by a number of factors, including temperature, substrate concentration, and pH. In this essay, we will focus on the effect of pH on the activity of catalase.
All enzymes have a optimal pH at which they function most efficiently. For catalase, this optimal pH is around 7.0, which is slightly basic. At this pH, the enzyme is able to break down hydrogen peroxide most effectively. However, the activity of catalase begins to decline as the pH moves away from this optimal range.
At a pH that is too low (acidic), the activity of catalase is significantly reduced. This is because the negatively charged amino acids that make up the enzyme's active site can become protonated at low pH, leading to a change in the enzyme's conformation and a reduction in its activity. On the other hand, at a pH that is too high (basic), the activity of catalase is also reduced due to the deprotonation of amino acids in the active site. This can lead to a change in the enzyme's conformation and a reduction in its activity.
It is important to note that the effect of pH on the activity of catalase is not linear. In other words, the activity of the enzyme does not decrease at the same rate as the pH moves away from the optimal range. Instead, the activity of catalase decreases more rapidly at the extremes of the pH range (below pH 6.0 and above pH 8.0) and less rapidly at intermediate pH values.
In summary, the activity of catalase is most efficient at a pH of around 7.0. As the pH moves away from this optimal range, the activity of the enzyme begins to decline. At extreme pH values, the activity of catalase is significantly reduced due to changes in the enzyme's conformation. It is important to maintain the optimal pH for catalase in order to ensure that the enzyme is able to function effectively and break down hydrogen peroxide efficiently.
Discover the affects of PH on the enzyme catalase
Therefore an improvement would be to cut a 5cm cylinder from one potato allowing all pH levels to be tested with the same concentration of the enzyme. The 440-nm peak has been utilized for assessing catalase activity. The amount will be the baseline for activities C and D. A shortage of this enzyme can allow hydrogen peroxide to build up to toxic levels in certain cells. Hence the data was clustered around the mean, illustrating the fact that there were no wild variations. At the lowest ph 3, less oxygen was released, measuring a slower rate of reaction.
Another trend that I can conclude from the line graph is that at a pH level above pH8, the rate of reaction also begins to decrease. Enzymes are protein-based compounds that facilitate specific chemical reactions in living organisms. I feel that it will help me to obtain reliable results. Light contains enough heat energy to begin decomposing hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. Catalase has an optimum pH of 9 and a working range of between pH 7-11. PH not only affects the activity of the enzyme, but also affects the charge and shape of the substrate, so that the substrate cannot bind to the active site, or cannot be catalyzed to form a product.
The rate of reaction would be decreased to almost zero. They are made up of long chains of amino acids containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen. Also, there could have been more kinds of pH changing substances to add to the hydrogen peroxide so that there could have been a wider variety of pH levels. Additionally, many enzymes — such as catalase can irritate the eyes and the skin. Catalase breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.
How does temperature affect catalase activity quizlet? What effect does pH have on catalase? This type of reaction where a molecule is broken down into smaller pieces is an ANABOLIC REACTION. Stopwatch inconsistencies remained as a result of human reaction times — despite switching to a more precise method Random This would have directly affected the results — since time was being measured as the dependent variable. Why is pH 7 optimal for catalase? Before the experiment began, all surfaces, beakers and other apparatus were sterilized and thoroughly cleaned, in order to create an environment that did not contain any enzyme inhibitors. Most other enzymes function within a working pH range of about pH 5-9 with neutral pH 7 being the optimum. Another source of error due to the method is that osmosis will have occurred to a greater extent on the discs that remained in the water in the petri dish for a longer period of time causing the potato chips to have a larger mass, as the water molecules move from a higher to a lower, concentration of water.
Investigating the influence of pH on the activity of potato catalase Essay Example
Ensure it is well mixed. A substrate is the molecule that an enzyme acts upon. The liver sustains a neutral pH of about 7, which creates the best environment for catalase and other enzymes. This may have contributed to results being variable, as due to this flaw in the method it is difficult to standardise the results with the same conditions A different measurement technique for the production of gas could be used — perhaps a gas syringe if the experiment was conducted in a different way, using different volumes and concentrations of the enzyme and the substrate Catalase concentration varied wildly due to imprecise source could have come from all sorts of different Ovis aries whose liver concentration of catalase would fluctuate greatly — so difficult to be exact Systematic Since the higher the concentration of catalase, the higher the rate of reaction, this variation of the nature of the catalase used in different parts of the lab could have caused a lack of accuracy between the sets of trials at each pH value In the future if catalase was taken from the livers of Ovis aries that exhibit similar physical characteristics size, age, gender etc. Amino acids that attracted each other may no longer. How does low pH affect catalase activity? That shape permits the enzyme to carry out specific chemical reactions - an enzyme acts as a precise and proficient catalyst for a specific Materials Catalase isolated from potatoes Wax pencil Metric ruler 3 Test Tubes Test tube rack Distilled Water HCl solution NaOH solution pH paper Hydrogen Peroxide References: Brain, Marshall.
There is a particular range under which an enzyme which function at its best. The bubbles are produced over 10 second intervals and therefore, when the 3 minute time period is over a bubble may be in the middle of being produced or just about to emerge but does not get counted. To do this the conical flask must be placed on an electronic magnetic stirring device or electronic shaking device. This allows you to perform the experiment safely and unimpeded care should be taken to ensure that liquid is not spilled onto the floor to cause slippage. Another possibility is that the scientist may have begun cutting the disc with the scalpel but decided this length was under 1mm, so cut a longer disc leaving a dent in the surface. Temperature If the temperature is low, then this can result in there being insufficient thermal energy to meet the activation energy of the reaction — the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by catalase. It was measured in seconds s , with an error allowance of ± 1 second, to account for human error on the stopwatch.
If the conditions become more acidic, then due to the proliferation of H+ ions, the charge becomes more positive. Evaluation — Data Reliability On the whole, the data that was obtained exhibited a good level of reliability. The acidic, lower pH solution had a stronger effect on the catalase, resulting in no chemical reaction at all. This changes protein solubility and overall shape. The five different catalases from the sources will all be used to catalyze Hydrogen peroxide H2O2. However, this reaction may not be vigorous enough to produce a great enough force to overcome the pressure and resistance of the gas plunger and may cause a systematic error in that the volume of oxygen recorded may be slightly less than the actual volume. On a molecular level, an acidic solution creates an excess of H+ ions.
The study of the rate at which an enzyme works is called enzyme kinetics. What was the effect of Naoh on catalase? Two of the anomalies were obtained from the same experiment, indicating one individual, suggesting error due to the practical interpretation of the method by this particular scientist. To work well or at all an enzyme needs a certain environment or condition. It was replaced every time the pH was changed i. Justification of method: I have chosen to use this method because it is safe, efficient and accurate.
Enzymes Test for Effect of pH on Catalase Activity
This would give me clearer results to aid me in my understanding as to how ph can affect the activity of catalase. In order to make an enzyme, hundreds of amino acids are strung together in a very specific and unique order and eventually is folded into a unique shape. An improvement would be to ensure the equipment was washed with the same degree of thoroughness or to use new equipment for each experiment. This consistency is perhaps down to the fact that following the pilot study, where we found the stopwatch quite difficult to use accurately, the iPhone app was used instead — something which enabled us to be far more precise and to obtain more reliable results. I will know how much potato to measure out for each experiment and also I will make sure that the other variables are kept constant. Also, due to the modified method there will be no need to shake the contents, as the buffer and hydrogen peroxide solutions will have been previously mixed thoroughly. Does pH speed up enzyme reaction? On the whole though, in this investigation pH clearly has had an effect on the ionization of amino acids — the proteins that make up the catalase enzyme.
How does pH affect catalase and hydrogen peroxide?
Since oxygen is formed in the reaction and leaves the mixture, there should be a decrease in weight. Using water would be a systematic error because the bubble count would be lowered for each experiment. This accounts for the decrease in rate of reaction observed by the decrease in bubble count. Oxygen dissolves in water. Changing the pH outside of this range will slow enzyme activity.
