Global warming essay spm. Summary for Policymakers — Global Warming of 1.5 ºC 2022-10-11
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Global warming is a phenomenon that refers to the increase in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere and oceans. It is a major concern for the global community because it can have significant impacts on the environment, including rising sea levels, more frequent and severe weather events, and the loss of biodiversity.
One of the main causes of global warming is the emission of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, into the atmosphere. These gases trap heat from the sun, causing the Earth's temperature to rise. The burning of fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, is the largest contributor to these emissions. Deforestation, which results in the loss of trees that absorb carbon dioxide, is also a major contributor.
The consequences of global warming are already being felt around the world. Rising sea levels are causing coastal flooding and erosion, and more frequent and severe heatwaves, droughts, and storms are causing damage to infrastructure and agriculture. These impacts are expected to worsen in the coming decades if greenhouse gas emissions are not reduced.
To combat global warming, it is necessary to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels and adopt cleaner forms of energy, such as renewable energy sources like solar and wind power. Governments, businesses, and individuals all have a role to play in this effort. For example, governments can implement policies that encourage the use of renewable energy and discourage the use of fossil fuels. Businesses can invest in clean energy technologies and adopt more sustainable practices. And individuals can make changes in their daily lives, such as using energy-efficient appliances and reducing their carbon footprint through actions like carpooling or using public transportation.
In conclusion, global warming is a serious problem that requires urgent action. By working together, we can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate the worst impacts of climate change. It is up to each and every one of us to take action and do our part to protect the planet for future generations.
Summary for Policymakers — Global Warming of 1.5 ºC
Pathways that limit global warming to 1. The shaded area shows the full range for pathways analysed in this Report. The potential for climate-resilient development pathways differs between and within regions and nations, due to different development contexts and systemic vulnerabilities very high confidence. Descriptions and characteristics of these pathways are available in Figure SPM. For comparison, the right-most column shows the interquartile ranges across pathways with no or limited overshoot of 1. Economic, institutional and socio-cultural barriers may inhibit these urban and infrastructure system transitions, depending on national, regional and local circumstances, capabilities and the availability of capital high confidence.
Redistributive policies across sectors and populations that shield the poor and vulnerable can resolve trade-offs for a range of SDGs, particularly hunger, poverty and energy access. Risks to global aggregated economic growth due to climate change impacts are projected to be lower at 1. Different portfolios face different implementation challenges and potential synergies and trade-offs with sustainable development. Most adaptation needs will be lower for global warming of 1. This could involve the mobilization of private funds by institutional investors, asset managers and development or investment banks, as well as the provision of public funds.
Increasing warming amplifies the exposure of small islands, low-lying coastal areas and deltas to the risks associated with sea level rise for many human and ecological systems, including increased saltwater intrusion, flooding and damage to infrastructure high confidence. The challenges from delayed actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions include the risk of cost escalation, lock-in in carbon-emitting infrastructure, stranded assets, and reduced flexibility in future response options in the medium to long term high confidence. All pathways that limit global warming to 1. Significant near-term emissions reductions and measures to lower energy and land demand can limit CDR deployment to a few hundred GtCO 2 without reliance on bioenergy with carbon capture and storage BECCS high confidence. However, neither this total carbon budget nor the fraction of this budget taken up by past emissions were assessed in this Report. Climate-related risks to health, livelihoods, food security, water supply, human security, and economic growth are projected to increase with global warming of 1.
These are most effective when aligned with economic and sustainable development, and when local and regional governments and decision makers are supported by national governments medium confidence. By 2100, global mean sea level rise is projected to be around 0. Impacts associated with other biodiversity-related risks such as forest fires and the spread of invasive species are lower at 1. CO 2 emissions reductions that limit global warming to 1. Effects of a temperature overshoot are reversible for Arctic sea ice cover on decadal time scales high confidence. International cooperation can provide an enabling environment for this to be achieved in all countries and for all people, in the context of sustainable development. There is generally low confidence in projected changes in heavy precipitation at 2°C compared to 1.
In modelled pathways, sustainable development, eradicating poverty and reducing inequality can support limiting warming to 1. Modelled pathways limiting global warming to 1. Trade-offs between mitigation and adaptation, when limiting global warming to 1. Partnerships involving non-state public and private actors, institutional investors, the banking system, civil society and scientific institutions would facilitate actions and responses consistent with limiting global warming to 1. Such reductions can be achieved through combinations of new and existing technologies and practices, including electrification, hydrogen, sustainable bio-based feedstocks, product substitution, and carbon capture, utilization and storage CCUS.
Cooperation on strengthened accountable multilevel governance that includes non-state actors such as industry, civil society and scientific institutions, coordinated sectoral and cross-sectoral policies at various governance levels, gender-sensitive policies, finance including innovative financing, and cooperation on technology development and transfer can ensure participation, transparency, capacity building and learning among different players high confidence. In electricity generation, shares of nuclear and fossil fuels with carbon dioxide capture and storage CCS are modelled to increase in most 1. These differ widely in terms of maturity, potentials, costs, risks, co-benefits and trade-offs high confidence. Global warming of 1. High bioenergy demand can increase emissions of nitrous oxide in some 1.
We would also like to thank the three Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC Vice-Chairs Ko Barrett, Thelma Krug, and Youba Sokona as well as the members of the WGI, WGII and WGIII Bureaux for their assistance, guidance, and wisdom throughout the preparation of the Report: Amjad Abdulla, Edvin Aldrian, Carlo Carraro, Diriba Korecha Dadi, Fatima Driouech, Andreas Fischlin, Gregory Flato, Jan Fuglestvedt, Mark Howden, Nagmeldin G. Uncertainties in the climate response to CO 2 and non-CO 2 emissions contribute ±400 GtCO 2 and the level of historic warming contributes ±250 GtCO 2 medium confidence. Finally, our particular appreciation goes to the Working Group Technical Support Units whose tireless dedication, professionalism and enthusiasm led the production of this Special Report. Evidence from attributed changes in some climate and weather extremes for a global warming of about 0. Risks from heavy precipitation events are projected to be higher at 2°C compared to 1. Limiting warming to 1.
Tariq, Diana Ãœrge-Vorsatz, Carolina Vera, Pius Yanda, Noureddine Yassaa, and Taha Zatari. The rates of system changes associated with limiting global warming to 1. Improved air quality resulting from projected reductions in many non-CO 2 emissions provide direct and immediate population health benefits in all 1. Pathways P1, P2, P3 and P4 correspond to the LED, S1, S2, and S5 pathways assessed in Chapter 2 Figure SPM. The grey plume on the right of panel a shows the likely range of warming responses, computed with a simple climate model, to a stylized pathway hypothetical future in which net CO2 emissions grey line in panels b and c decline in a straight line from 2020 to reach net zero in 2055 and net non-CO2 radiative forcing grey line in panel d increases to 2030 and then declines. The blue plume in panel a shows the response to faster CO2 emissions reductions blue line in panel b , reaching net zero in 2040, reducing cumulative CO2 emissions panel c.
