Ebola research paper. 213 Health Research Topics 2022-11-08
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Ebola is a highly infectious and deadly disease caused by the Ebola virus. It was first identified in 1976 in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and since then, outbreaks have occurred sporadically in Africa. The most recent and widespread outbreak occurred in West Africa from 2014 to 2016, resulting in over 28,000 cases and over 11,000 deaths.
Ebola is transmitted through close contact with the bodily fluids of an infected person, such as blood, urine, saliva, and semen. The incubation period for the disease is typically 8-10 days, but can range from 2 to 21 days. The initial symptoms of Ebola include fever, muscle pain, and weakness, followed by more severe symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and bleeding. There is no specific treatment for Ebola, and the mortality rate can be as high as 90%.
Since the 2014-2016 outbreak, there have been significant efforts to develop vaccines and treatments for Ebola. One promising vaccine, called rVSV-ZEBOV, was developed by the Canadian government and has been shown to be effective in clinical trials. It was given emergency use authorization by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2019 and has been used in several outbreaks in the DRC.
There have also been several experimental treatments developed for Ebola. One such treatment, called ZMapp, is a cocktail of monoclonal antibodies that has shown promising results in early clinical trials. However, more research is needed to determine its safety and effectiveness.
Despite these advances, there is still much that is unknown about the Ebola virus and how it spreads. Researchers are working to better understand the biology of the virus and how it interacts with the human body. This research is critical in order to develop more effective vaccines and treatments for the disease.
In addition to research on treatments and vaccines, there is also a need for improved surveillance and response systems to prevent the spread of Ebola and other infectious diseases. This includes strengthening healthcare systems and training healthcare workers to recognize and properly manage cases of Ebola.
In conclusion, the Ebola virus is a serious and potentially deadly disease that continues to pose a threat to public health. Research on vaccines and treatments, as well as improved surveillance and response systems, are critical in the fight against Ebola and other infectious diseases.
213 Health Research Topics
Others will argue that maintaining a sharp research intervention distinction may lead to overprotection of rights and interests of subjects in some cases and under protection in others. It is one of the traditional public health measures documented as far back as the fourteenth century when during the Black Death epidemic in Europe, ships were required to sit in harbors for 40 days, before passengers and crew could disembark. Public health ethics studies various theories of ethics, which guide or could guide public health actions. We know it can be tough, but there is no need to worry because we are here to help. The attention SARS received may have been out of proportion to its impact. Mental Health Research Paper Topics The following health related research topics can help you to dig deeper into mental issues and get top grades. Public health ethics is trying to understand these developments and provide guidance by applying various theoretical considerations, theories, principles, and values.
Many public health workers will maintain that their programs should at any opportunity strive to diminish health disparities, that is, to focus on underprivileged, and vulnerable, or at least not to exacerbate the existing inequalities of health status and health opportunities. This generated some ethical controversy Celeda et al. When most people 80—95 % accept a particular vaccination, even those who were not vaccinated are protected because the transmission of the infectious agent was successfully interrupted. Should be it be encouraged? Oxford: Oxford University Press. Epidemiology and biostatistics provide important methodologies for public health, and each has its own range of ethical issues.
Promotion And Lifestyle Interventions Promotion of healthy living, as understood at a particular time in a particular society, has been always part of the public health mandate. The SARS outbreak also led to the understanding that quarantine, isolation, and various social distancing measures are not outmoded. Testing Since AIDS emerged, most screening and testing has been voluntary, opportunistic, and often anonymous. Virtue ethics, with its doctrine of means, can also guide us in moral assessment of public health actions. In response, some health organizations or jurisdictions created contractual or legal obligations to accept annual vaccination.
Community and advocacy groups may be linked with prominent experts, who strive to maintain their research agenda and have ties to industry, and advocacy groups often accept funding from commercial or political entities interested in a particular outcome of research. Browse by development topics listed below or learn more about. Public health ethics can understand, respect, and offer to the society critical moral assessment of both perspectives while stressing the importance of solidarity and duty of fair play Holland 2007, pp. However, the recently launched new initiative Global Health Security Agenda promises to increase the societal commitment on a global scale. BMC Medical Ethics, 7 12. BMC Public Health, 10, 638—644.
Many elements of pandemic plans, e. For example, regular home visits to frail elderly could be considered a clinical health-care activity or a public health initiative. Selective abortions of unborn children with undesirable characteristics and selective implantation of embryos during assisted reproduction invite comparison with universally deplored eugenic programs of the twentieth century which aimed to improve human stock or a particular race. Based on monitoring of 23 million people vaccinated in the USA, only 1. It is an advantage for those who cannot be vaccinated for medical reason or have grave religious objections, for example, if the vaccine would be derived from human embryos. The ethics of public health Vol. Several professional bodies offered lists of conditions that need to be present to consider a screening program ethically acceptable.
An ethical evaluation of the 2006 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations for HIV testing in health care setting. It became clear that distinct ethical concerns and questions arising from the existence of infectious diseases and our attempt to control them need to be recognized and addressed Selgelid et al. Are you stuck with your university health assignment because getting a good topic is challenging? For example, if a major vaccination program is started and it is desirable to determine the effectiveness of the program in terms of antibody response and frequency of the illness in vaccinated people, in comparison with unvaccinated, the project could be framed to appear either as a quality control or as a research. Other frequently debated concerns were the duty of health professionals to serve and to accept vaccination Kotalik 2006 , and the responsibility of society to provide for their effective protection. This infection eventually spread to 37 countries with over 8,000 reported cases and led to the death of about 800 people.
This content is only available to UpToDate subscribers. Also, many people affected were already socially stigmatized, and there was a concern about further compromising their dignity and human rights. Please log in or subscribe to gain access. Early in the new century, articles and books emerged that endeavored to offer ethics frameworks or processes for ethical assessments that would designed to facilitate effective public health interventions able to reduce current mortality and morbidity while at the same time maintain individual freedoms and advance social justice. While eugenic programs of the past were implemented, often forcefully, by state governments, this time the similar outcome may be resulting from successful marketing of certain medical technology. An overview of ethical frameworks in public health: Can they be supportive on the evaluation of programs to prevent overweight? The utilitarian theories which stress consequences of actions are of importance because the practice of public health is often driven by the principle of utility, which suggests that we ought to produce the maximal balance of positive value, such as health, over negative value, such as disease.
What is considered healthy today? Many other suggestions were made for the most suitable theoretical basis of the discipline of public health, such as multidimensional social justice, civic republicanism, liberal paternalism, and relational autonomy. An UpToDate subscription provides unlimited online access to topics in over 22 specialties. Infectious Diseases Measures To Control Infections: Vaccination, Quarantine, And Isolation Vaccination is considered one of the most effective public health interventions and has led to eradication of smallpox, near eradication of poliomyelitis, and great reduction of morbidity and mortality from diseases such as measles, rubella, and pertussis. Awesome Public Health Research Topic Suggestions If you are studying public health, it is a great idea to pick good ideas to help you not only rake good topics, but also learn more about the subject. Other countries missed target dates for enhancements of their public health infrastructures. Public health ethics: Mapping the terrain.
