Diana baumrind some thoughts on ethics of research. Diana Baumrind Spot 2022-10-28
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Diana Baumrind was a renowned psychologist who is best known for her work on parenting styles and child development. In addition to her contributions to the field of psychology, Baumrind also had strong views on the ethics of research.
One of Baumrind's main concerns was the issue of informed consent. She argued that it was crucial for researchers to ensure that participants fully understood the nature and purpose of the research, as well as any potential risks or benefits, before agreeing to participate. This meant that researchers needed to provide clear and concise explanations of the study, and they needed to be sure that participants were capable of making an informed decision about whether or not to take part.
Another key issue for Baumrind was the protection of vulnerable populations. She believed that it was especially important for researchers to be mindful of the potential for harm when working with children, elderly individuals, or those with disabilities. In these cases, she argued that it was crucial for researchers to obtain the consent of guardians or caregivers, as well as the participants themselves, in order to ensure that the rights and welfare of these vulnerable groups were fully protected.
In addition to these specific concerns, Baumrind also emphasized the importance of honesty and integrity in research. She believed that researchers had a responsibility to be truthful about their methods and findings, and to avoid exaggerating or distorting the results of their studies. This meant that they needed to be careful to avoid bias and to report their findings accurately and objectively.
Overall, Baumrind's views on the ethics of research reflected a deep commitment to the principles of respect for persons, beneficence, and non-maleficence. She believed that it was crucial for researchers to be mindful of the potential impacts of their work on both individual participants and society as a whole, and to strive to ensure that their research was conducted in a responsible and ethical manner.
The Case that Milgram Makes on JSTOR
Often a subject participates unwillingly in order to satisfy a course requirement. Research regulation; self-regulation; research ethics. Baumrind has also argued that by comparing the sadistic behaviour of Nazi guards in the concentration camps who were fully obedient, with the obedience of the experimenters who obeyed instructions and gave electric shocks are inhuman as the Nazi guards were de-humanized and regarded the humans as animals. Does the volunteer have an implicit assumption of trust and obediencethat can be violated? Study Modifications of Ethical Violations These ethical principles are difficult to tease apart as it seems impossible to have both informed consent and deception occur at the same time. The Earliest Torch Bearer of Humanism. While there is a lot of research to support Baumrind's ideas, many parenting experts have questioned her emphasis on the need for firm not rigid rules and controls.
While the experimental conditions leave him exposed, the subject has the right to assume that his security and self-esteem will be protected. Sometimes There are 4 Parenting Styles Listed… Why is That? Previously, many parenting experts had been suggesting that children should be given very rigid rules with high levels of expectation for compliance. I'm going to hit you to teach you that hitting is wrong? Baumrind has argued that Milgram has broken the subjects right to expect that researcher would be caring for his welfare. Anxiety is a common outcome from this parenting style. The "game" is defined by the experi menter and he makes the rules. Baumrind is the author of 58 articles in journals or as book chapters, as well as three books and monographs. For years, experts had been giving parents a list of dos and don'ts, but developmental psychologist Diana Baumrind approached parenting from a whole new perspective.
Some thoughts on ethics of research: After reading Milgram's "Behavioral Study of Obedience."
Children in this type of relationship tend to behave until the parent leaves the room and develop a follower mentality. Again, she states that one extreme or the other is not beneficial. Read all about it here and more too. Baumrind would come to develop a description and formulation of parenting styles and their impact on how children develop. The subject's personal responsibility for his actions is not erased because the experimenter reveals to him the means which he used to stimulate these actions. Observing children directly, as well as the parenting they received in their homes, she was then able to comprise a list of important parenting behaviors and compare those to how competently the children behaved.
What Is Permissive Parenting? Unfortunately, the S is not always treated with the respect he deserves. She developed this theory based on her observations of behavior from children and how their parents influenced that behavior. These parents are neither demanding nor responsive. A course grade of incomplete will be assigned only under extraordinary circumstances as determined by the instructor and the instructor will establish a strict deadline for completing the required work, most likely 1 or 2 weeks after the end of the course. Children tend to make better decisions when they know there are lines not to cross, but are still given the freedom to make their own choice. The 8 Developmental Stages, Identity Crisis and Ego Identity. The intensity of the electric shocks varied from the mild to the severe and it was Milgrams intention to understand the level of obedience that the experimenters would exhibit in carrying out the shocks, when they would stop giving the shocks and the reactions the subjects produced when given shocks.
The relative magnitude of the journals program within the Press is unique among American university presses. The public image of psychology is highly related to our own actions and some of these actions are changeworthy. Her honors include the G. Baumrind observed several families, taking into account finances, maternal youth, marital status, foster care, and personality. The Father of Humanistic Psychology and Self Actualization Theory. Instead of focusing on specific actions that could harm or help children, Baumrind introduced the idea of parenting styles. Milgram has further clarified that the whole experiment was designed only to see the level of obedience that could be expected from people.
Some thoughts on Ethics of Research: After Reading Milgrams Behavioral Study of Obedience. She believes that, for the sake of results, honesty is too often compromised and many people do not really know why they are being observed or what risks may be involved when they agree to be part of a research group. We believe the obedience experiments remain, for the most part, internally valid, and that they continue to be externalisable to other moral dilemmas. A subject may be seeking an opportunity to have contact with, be noticed by, and perhaps confide in a person with psy chological training. The experimenter seldom perceives in more positive terms an indebtedness to the subject for his services, perhaps because the detachment which his functions require prevents appreciation of the subject as an individual. Honesty, candor, compromise, and integrity.
Week 2 — September 7. How do we learn to be great parents? The Controversial Forefather of Intuitive Parenting. She argues that misrepresentation and deception should be minimized in research studies and that subjects should be informed about what to expect. In-class presentation In the first week of the course, each student will sign up to make a short 10-15 minute , informal presentation at the beginning of one class session. I am also usually available at the Poynter Center 8:00 am-5:00 pm Monday-Friday. By observing the various parenting styles, Baumrind looked at the relationship between development and parental control.
Some thoughts on ethics of research: After reading Milgram's \"Behavioral Study of Obedience.\", American Psychologist
Even as an adult, that makes no sense, so how can we expect our children to understand? Psychology in Action SOME THOUGHTS ON ETHICS OF RESEARCH: AFTER READING MILGRAM'S "BEHAVIORAL STUDY OF OBEDIENCE" DIANA BAUMRIND Institute of Human Development, University of California, Berkeley C ERTAIN problems in psychological research re quire the experimenter to balance his career and scientific interests against the interests of his prospective subjects. Every parent, at some point, questions whether they are being "too demanding" or "too permissive". The dependent attitude of most subjects toward the experimenter is an artifact of the experimental situation as well as an expression of some subjects' personal need systems at the time they volun teer. Some experts also believe that punishing a child using physical aggression will encourage them to become more physically aggressive themselves. Permissive parenting is the complete opposite of authoritarian parenting.
That is because a fourth style was added in the 1980s by others who studied her theory extensively. By volunteering, the subject agrees implicitly to assume a posture of trust and obedience. But where the experimental conditions expose the subject to loss of dignity, or offer him nothing of value, then the experimenter is obliged to consider the reasons why the subject volun teered and to reward him accordingly. Baumrind suggests that children need to have a certain structure in their relationship with parents, but they also need a certain level of warmth, love, and permissiveness. Violation of Informed Consent The APA guidelines address the need for informed consent to be obtained before any study- related activities take place. With the permissive style, parents do not usually see themselves or portray themselves as being an authority figure.
Baumrind, D. (1964). Some Thoughts on Ethics of Research After Reading Milgram’s “Behavioral Study of Obedience”. American Psychologist, 19, 421
Any honest attempt will result in an improved grade up to 100% of possible credit, but there is no guarantee of full credit. An authoritarian parenting style uses rigid rules and creates a demanding environment for the child. Baumrind's Conviction: Authoritative Spanking Doesn't Harm the Child Diana Baumrind supports the occasional use of spanking as a form of discipline and states that her research has shown no negative long-term impact on children if the punishment is delivered within an authoritative style where the child does not perceive the action as harsh or cruel. Milgram 1964 has responded to the objections that were raised by Baumrind. But, a lot of research has shown that focusing primarily on meeting children's needs produces well-adjusted, self-confident children who don't need external controls.
