Describe the process of respiration in human beings. Breathing Process in Human Beings (With Diagram) 2022-11-08

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Respiration is the process by which human beings, and all other organisms, produce energy from the breakdown of nutrients. In humans, respiration occurs in the cells of the body and is essential for maintaining life.

The process of respiration can be divided into two main stages: aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and occurs in the presence of oxygen, while anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen and occurs in the absence of oxygen.

Aerobic respiration is the most common form of respiration in humans and is responsible for the majority of the energy production in the body. It occurs in the mitochondria, the energy-producing structures within cells. During aerobic respiration, glucose and oxygen are converted into energy, water, and carbon dioxide through a series of chemical reactions.

The first step of aerobic respiration is the breakdown of glucose into a molecule called pyruvate. This reaction is known as glycolysis and occurs in the cytoplasm of cells. Pyruvate is then transported into the mitochondria, where it is further broken down through a process called the citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle.

During the citric acid cycle, pyruvate is converted into a molecule called acetyl-CoA, which then enters the mitochondria and combines with oxaloacetate to form citric acid. Citric acid is then broken down through a series of chemical reactions, releasing energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and producing water and carbon dioxide as by-products.

Anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen and is less efficient than aerobic respiration in terms of energy production. It occurs in the cytoplasm of cells and is used as a backup energy source when oxygen is not available. During anaerobic respiration, glucose is broken down into lactic acid through a process called fermentation. Lactic acid is then converted back into glucose through a process called regeneration.

In summary, respiration is the process by which human beings produce energy from the breakdown of nutrients. It occurs in the cells of the body and can be divided into two main stages: aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration is the most common form of respiration in humans and occurs in the mitochondria, while anaerobic respiration occurs in the cytoplasm of cells and is used as a backup energy source when oxygen is not available.

What is respiration? Explain the process of respiration in human beings. (Figure not required)

describe the process of respiration in human beings

In humans, for the process of respiration, air is drawn into the lungs by the process of breathing. All these layers form a mem­brane of 0. However, physiological respiration is necessary to sustain cellular respiration. Cellular Respiration: As the name indicates it occurs inside the cells. Tidal Volume TV : It is the volume of air inspired or expired during normal breath. This mechanism of internal respiration is also named Cellular Respiration. When this oxygenated blood reaches the different tissues, the partial pressure of oxygen declines and the bonds holding oxygen to haemoglobin become unstable.


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Process of Respiration in Human Beings (With Diagram)

describe the process of respiration in human beings

The descent of diaphragm is accompanied by displacement of abdominal contents downwards associated with relaxation of the abdominal muscles. Because of it, the Cl — content of the red cells in venous blood is, therefore, significantly greater than in arterial blood. The oxygen required is more than quantity available to muscles. Please rate this Please Rate 0 1 2 3 4 5 Mechanism of Respiration in Human Respiration is simply defined as the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide into the body. The human respiratory system consists of the following parts: External nostrils — For the intake of air.

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describe the process of respiration in human beings

describe the process of respiration in human beings

This condition is maintained because nitrogen as a gas is not used up by the body. The so-called exchange of gases is necessary for respiration and which can be considered as a chemical process. It is further dependent on the solubility of the diffusing gases. Respiratory or Pulmonary Volumes Lung Volumes : ADVERTISEMENTS: 1. Digestive System: Loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting occur because of expan­sion of gases in the gastrointestinal tract. When an individual inhales, the diaphragm moves down, and the chest cavity expands and the oxygen rich air is drawn into the lungs. Respiratory System Functions The functions of the human respiratory system are as follows: Inhalation and Exhalation The respiratory system helps in breathing also known as pulmonary ventilation.

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Human respiratory system

describe the process of respiration in human beings

When air is pumped, inflation of lungs occurs, when it is stopped expiration occurs, and the cycle is repeated. When the contraction of the abdominal muscle fibres fixes the lower ribs during cough or forced inspiration the rib cage moves downwards. Some experts believe that moderation is the key and one can even include cakes or ice cream sensibly in a balanced diet. The humans have a well developed respiratory system. From the alveoli oxygen passes into the blood of the capillaries and carbon dioxide diffuses out from the blood to the lumen of the alveoli. Haemoglobin Hb consists of a protein portion called globin and a pigment portion called heme. Image credit: Respiratory Rate and Control of Ventilation Breathing usually occurs without thought, although at times you can consciously control it, such as when you swim under water, sing a song, or blow bubbles.

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Describe the process of Respiration in human beings?​

describe the process of respiration in human beings

These bicarbonates are carried through plasma to lungs where they combine with hydrogen ion and form water and carbon dioxide. Annelids like earthworms have a moist cuticle which helps them in gaseous exchange. The Haldane effect encourages CO 2 exchange in both the tissues and lungs. The walls of the trachea comprise C-shaped cartilaginous rings which give hardness to the trachea and maintain it by completely expanding. Respiration in human beings takes place through a special system called as respiratory system. The motile cilia beat in an ascending motion, such that the mucus and other foreign particles are carried back to the buccal cavity where it may either be coughed out or swallowed. They are located on either side of the heart, in the thoracic cavity of the chest.

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Mechanism of Respiration: Know How Human Beings Respire

describe the process of respiration in human beings

VC varies from 3400 mL to 4800 ml. The muscles of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles are principal muscles of inspiration. The chloride shift occurs rapidly and is essentially complete in 1 second. As a result, oxygen is released from the blood capillaries. Factors Affecting Oxygen Haemoglobin Dissociation Curve: The oxygen haemoglo­bin dissociation curve is shifted either to right or left by various factors. The enzyme required for this synthe­sis is called ATP synthase.

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describe the process of respiration in human beings

describe the process of respiration in human beings

Cellular respiration is the metabolic process of consuming oxygen to convert glucose into ATP energy. In fact total lung capacity minus residual volume is called vital capacity. For instance, the lower organisms like the unicellular take up oxygen and release carbon dioxide by the process of diffusion across their membrane. During expiration, the diaphragm and intercostals relax, causing the thorax and lungs to recoil. The diffusing capacity is defined as the volume of gas that diffuses through the membrane per minute for a pressure difference of 1 mm Hg. . The function of the pneu­motaxic centre is primarily to limit inspiration.

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Human Respiratory System

describe the process of respiration in human beings

The partial pressure of oxygen PO 2 in the alveoli is higher 104 mm Hg than that in the deoxygenated blood in the capillaries of the pulmonary arteries 95 mm Hg. Release of Carbon Dioxide in the Alveoli of Lung: The pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs. The dorsal respiratory group mainly causes inspiration. Movement of Fresh Air into the Lungs: Thus overall volume of the thoracic cavity increases and as a result there is a decrease of the air pressure in the lungs. For example, the tongue and throat muscles of some individuals with obstructive sleep apnea may relax excessively, causing the muscles to push into the airway. This creates a lower pressure within the lung than that of the atmosphere, causing air to be drawn into the lungs. Functional Residual Capacity FRC : Volume of air that will remain in the lungs after a normal expiration is called functional residual capacity.

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Explain the Mechanism of Breathing in Human Beings

describe the process of respiration in human beings

Which of the following processes does atmospheric pressure play a role in? Interestingly, the right lung is quite bigger and heavier than the left lung. It is found in front of the neck and is responsible for vocals as well as aiding respiration. Thus, Haldane effect and Bohr effect complement each other. Carbon dioxide is produced in most of the cases. It is named after the Danish physiologist Christian Bohr 1855-1911. The released energy is used for other metabolic activities.

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CBSE Discussions

describe the process of respiration in human beings

The trachea extends further down into the breastbone and splits into two bronchi, one for each lung. Respiratory System: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder COPD is used to describe a number of closely related respiratory conditions including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. A typical resting respiratory rate is about 14 breaths per minute. The walls of the alveoli are thin and covered by blood capillaries to facilitate the exchange of gases in the lungs. This is called Haldane effect. The carbon dioxide also diffuses into the blood and is carried back to the lungs for release.

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