Classification of authority. 13 Different Types of Authority Most Common in Society 2022-11-03
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Authority is a concept that refers to the right or power to make decisions, give orders, and enforce obedience. Authority can be classified into several categories, depending on the source and nature of the power. Here are some common types of authority:
Legal authority: This is the authority derived from the law, such as the power of judges, police officers, and government officials. Legal authority is often associated with positions of public trust and is granted by the state or federal government.
Traditional authority: This type of authority is based on long-standing customs, traditions, and beliefs. It is often associated with leadership roles in traditional societies, such as chiefs, kings, and tribal leaders.
Charismatic authority: This type of authority is based on the personal qualities of the leader, such as charm, charisma, and eloquence. Charismatic leaders often inspire loyalty and devotion in their followers, and their authority is not necessarily derived from formal positions of power.
Expert authority: This type of authority is based on knowledge, expertise, and skills in a particular field. Experts, such as scientists, scholars, and professionals, often have a high level of authority within their areas of expertise.
Bureaucratic authority: This type of authority is based on the rules and procedures of an organization. Bureaucratic authority is often associated with bureaucracy, which is a system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives.
Military authority: This type of authority is based on the power and resources of a military organization. Military authorities, such as generals and admirals, have the power to command troops and make decisions that have far-reaching consequences.
In conclusion, authority can take many forms and can be classified based on the source and nature of the power. Understanding the different types of authority is important in understanding how power is exercised and how it can be challenged or resisted.
Tripartite classification of authority
Merely by imposing a few taxes, the government can increase its revenue yield. In both the cases, weight and length is used as the basis of taxation. Such a driver most likely assumes that the police officer behind them serves as a legitimate source of authority and has the right to pull them over. The statement is accurate but needs clarification and additional information, so we rate it Mostly True. Traditional authority can be intertwined with race, class, and gender. If the demands for taxed commodities are elasÂtic, the income yield may be less and vice versa. In the Arab Spring uprisings, for example, Twitter feeds and other social media helped protesters coordinate their movements, share ideas, and bolster morale, as well as gain global support for their causes.
Regardless, most contexts provide a traditional structure of authority, even among the household unit. They are not felt in the same degree as direct taxes. Hence nobody takes much interest in the affairs of the governÂment. Power and Authority: Similarities Let us now discuss what power and authority are, in relation to one another. Authority is an integral part of society which Authority ensures that rules are maintained and if there is a breakdown of the order they can be reinstated back. Martin Luther King Jr.
Each role has certain behavioral expectations. On the one hand, Turner agreed that alienating an ally by not following their orders "could have very serious consequences. Types of Authority The protesters in Tunisia and the civil rights protesters of Martin Luther King, Jr. According to Weber, once the leader loses his charisma or dies, systems based on charismatic authority tend to transform into traditional or legal-rational systems. Moral authority gains power based on the respect it rises on others.
13 Different Types of Authority Most Common in Society
Otherwise, it can be evaded through fraudulent practices and by furnishing false asÂsessment of income returns. Yet, Joan of Arc and Margaret Thatcher must be mentioned as charismatic leaders, too. Relationship between Power and Authority Sociologist Max Weber has realized that sometimes authority is based on legal positions, while at other times, it springs from the charismatic personality of an individual. It is to be noted that a person who has achieved results only once will not have that authority why the person who is regularly achieving the results and has been consistent in this These people get respect because of their fantastic success stories and they are often put in charge of the 12 Reward authority School teachers and college professors are seen as the most common people who hold reward authority. This enables the taxpayer to make the reqÂuisite provision for payment without causing hardship to his busiÂness. Nazi leader Adolf Hitler was one of the most powerful and destructive dictators in modern history. The inheritance is often passed to the succeeding male.
Likewise he notes that in a pure type of traditional rule, sufficient resistance to a master can lead to a "traditional revolution". Disadvantages of Direct Taxes: i Unpopular: Direct taxes are paid directly by the people. The consumers income will be reduced by the tax amount, i. Moreover, a tax is progressive, if it is graduated in such a way that the rate of tax rises, more sharply than the increase in income or capital. Such articles are used in larger proportion by the poor. Hence, any improvement in quality of output will not fetch additional revenue to the government. Thus direct taxes possess built-in- flexibility.
Power affects more than personal relationships; it shapes larger dynamics like social groups, professional organizations, and governments. Indirect taxes are those in which the taxpayer is not permanently the tax-bearer. As this example indicates, there is more than one type of power in a community. Its incidence is felt by all, who purchase the commodÂity. It can be said that found does our heart and brain of the organization without which the organization may or may not survive. Since the price of the commodity remains unchanged, the new price line will be P 1A 2, which is parallel to PA.
Without authority and its required obedience, there would only be anarchy and chaos. Its incidence is felt through an increase in price. The taxing authority cannot accurately estimate the total yield from different taxes. ADVERTISEMENTS: iii Economy: The mode of collection is simple. They are not felt very much by the taxpayers. Technological development has assisted the nonviolent forms of gaining and exercising power.
They become immensely powerful because they offer a radical solution and an appealing vision for the future that people can identify with and gain hope from. The political organization of ancient Egypt typified such a system: when the royal household decreed that a pyramid be built, every Egyptian was forced to work toward its construction. Direct taxes make it necessary to check and scrutinize the each taxpayers account. Both men organized nonviolent protests to combat corruption and injustice and succeeded in inspiring far-reaching reforms. But the principle of elasticity and equity conflict with each other in the case of indirect taxes.
Because so few women have held dynamic positions of leadership throughout history, the list of charismatic female leaders is comparatively short. De Macro observed that the co-ordinated action of direct and indirect taxes makes possible a more elastic tax system capable of bringing about a more delicate and precise distribution of taxes. In which order must documents containing classified info be marked? We will also mention authority as 'accepted power' in detail. Proportional, Progressive, Regressive and Degressive Taxes 3. Hence it can be concluded that direct tax is less harmful in its effect on allocation of resources than indirect tax. How will the markings in the classification authority block of a document containing this information change? However, under charismatic authority, there is no straightforward rule for transferring authority, which makes the system rather unstable.
