Aristotle political science. An Introduction to the Political Theory of Aristotle 2022-10-13
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Aristotle was a Greek philosopher who lived in the 4th century BC. He was a student of Plato and later tutored Alexander the Great. Aristotle is known for his contributions to a wide range of subjects, including politics, ethics, metaphysics, biology, and aesthetics. In this essay, we will focus on Aristotle's political science, which was a central part of his philosophical system.
Aristotle believed that the study of politics is a practical science, which means that it is concerned with the way things ought to be rather than the way they are. He believed that politics is concerned with the common good of a community, and that the goal of political science is to understand how to achieve this common good.
According to Aristotle, the best form of government is a constitutional monarchy, in which the king or queen is advised by a council of nobles. He believed that this form of government combines the benefits of monarchy, which is strong and decisive leadership, with the benefits of democracy, which is the participation of the people in the decisions that affect their lives.
Aristotle also believed that the best form of government is one that is based on the principle of distributive justice. This means that the distribution of wealth, power, and opportunities within a society should be based on merit, rather than on factors such as birth or wealth. He argued that a just society is one in which everyone has an equal opportunity to contribute to the common good and to achieve their full potential.
In addition to his views on government, Aristotle also made significant contributions to the study of ethics. He believed that human beings have a natural tendency to seek happiness, and that the best way to achieve happiness is through living a virtuous life. He argued that virtue is a mean between two extremes, and that the goal of ethics is to find the right balance between these extremes.
Aristotle's political science had a significant influence on the development of political thought in the Western tradition. His ideas about government and ethics continue to be studied and debated by philosophers and political scientists today.
political science
Instead he defines it as a partnership. He feels that too great a departure from common experience probably has a fallacy in it somewhere, even though it appears to be irreproachably logical. Fusce dui lectus, congue vel laoreet ac, dictum vitae odio. The whole science of politics, according to the new idea, included the knowledge both of the political good, relative as well as absolute, and also of political mechanics employed perhaps for an inferior or even a bad end. Aristotle advises minimizing the number of trials and length of service on juries so that the cost will not be too much of a burden on the wealthy where there are not sources of revenue from outside the city Athens, for example, received revenue from nearby silver mines, worked by slaves. As has been mentioned above, in order to do this, he sent his students throughout Greece to collect information on the regimes and histories of the Greek cities, and he uses this information throughout the Politics to provide examples that support his arguments.
The Science of Human Action The concept of action, as Aristotle understood it, includes both what men do and what they ought to do. Political authority determines the bounds, if not the conclusions, of all scientific inquiry. Pellentesque dapibus efficitur laoreet. What are those attributes? Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. The State of Political Science in Western Europe. He was the first to develop a simple and reasonable approach for concluding the available propositions.
Monarchy, therefore, involving the rule of the best man over all, is the best kind of regime, while tyranny, which is essentially the rule of a master over a regime in which all are slaves, is the worst kind of regime, and in fact is really no kind of regime at all. Studies in Choice and Welfare. He has very little to say about aristocracy but he treats monarchy at some length. Carnes Lord, a scholar on Aristotle, has argued against the sufficiency of this view, however, noting the numerous cross-references between Jaeger's supposedly separate works and questioning the difference in tone that Jaeger saw between them. Translated by Peter Simpson. The dispute is not about a general moral principle but about the way to approximate it in practice. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1962.
An Introduction to the Political Theory of Aristotle
Consider some examples of partnerships: business partners share a desire for wealth; philosophers share a desire for knowledge; drinking companions share a desire for entertainment; the members of a hockey team share a desire to win their game. In fact, what people in Western societies generally ask from politics and the government is that they keep each of us safe from other people through the provision of police and military forces so that each of us can choose and pursue our own ends, whatever they may be. But this view of law is impossible unless it be supposed that there is a gradual increase of wisdom through the accumulation of experience and that this growing stock of social intelligence is embedded in law and custom. While the city is clearly a kind of unity, it is a unity that must derive from a multitude. Plato speaks of the timocracy, the rule of the warriors or honor lovers—Aristotle is wholly about such a regime in his Politics. The most important task for the politician is, in the role of lawgiver nomothetês , to frame the appropriate constitution for the city-state. He assumes his own analysis of distributive justice set forth in Nicomachean Ethics V.
Aristotle: Aristotle As The Father Of Political Science
The constitutions are then sorted according to the "number" of those who participate to the magistracies: one, a few, or many. The Politics also provides analysis of the kinds of political community that existed in his time and shows where and how these cities fall short of the ideal community of virtuous citizens. In all fairness I believe Athens had the better system of government. His attitude in the workplace is recognized too. It is necessary, but that does not make it a part of household management any more than it makes medicine a part of household management just because health is necessary. ¨ Document D , therefore ancient Athens was not using democracy as their form of government, they were using oligarchy,another form of government in which a small group of people has power and control, as their form of government instead of democracy.
That Aristotle was by no means at peace with this problem, even when he wrote the treatise on the ideal state, is written large in the complexities of Book III, in which the crucial questions of the whole work are discussed. . Hicks, The Politics of Aristotle, London: Macmillan, 1894. This circular motion of the cycle of politeia change is one of the reasons such change of a politeia would be called a revolution. Political science or politicology is the academic study of politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. James Madison in The Federalist, Number 10, delights in the notion that the American democratic republic is based on the competition between factions, which in an extended territory lends stability to the regime.
Aristotle’s Political Theory (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
That he believes that some people who are currently enslaved are not being held in slavery according to justice is also undeniable this would apparently also mean that there are people who should be enslaved but currently are not. A Companion to Aristotle's Politics. To somewhat the same effect is his marked preference for Customary as compared with written law. There is, in the first place, a work dealing with the ideal state, and with previous theories of it. Here Aristotle does not insist as Plato had that justice would require that rulers rule only for the sake of the ruled, but that that they ought to rule for the sake and benefit of the whole community and not some particular part. In this case those without power will engage in revolution not to change the regime but to change those who are ruling.
Aristotle suggests that what defines and distinguishes one politeia from another is the claim made by each group on who should rule and why. Compare And Contrast Ancient Greek And Roman Democracy 1489 Words 6 Pages The Romans had a system of indirect democracy where the people had the power to vote for representatives who would advocate for them on the state level. Nam lacinia pulvinar tortor nec facilisis. Each of our claims, then, ought to be accepted in the same way. Who in the group should get the flute? Nam lacinia pulvinar tortor nec facilisis. Like any complete science or craft, it must study a range of issues concerning its subject matter.
