Animal cloning research paper. Animal Cloning Research Paper 2022-10-12
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Animal cloning is the process of creating genetically identical copies of living organisms. This technology has been around for decades and has been used to clone a variety of different animals, including sheep, cows, pigs, and mice.
The main reason for cloning animals is to replicate genetically valuable individuals, such as those that are particularly disease-resistant or have other desirable traits. Cloning can also be used to preserve endangered species by creating copies of animals that are on the verge of extinction.
There are several different techniques that scientists use to clone animals. One of the most common techniques is called somatic cell nuclear transfer, or SCNT. In this process, scientists take the nucleus out of an egg cell and replace it with the nucleus from a donor cell. The egg cell is then stimulated to divide and grow into an embryo, which is then implanted into a surrogate mother.
Another technique called embryo splitting involves dividing a fertilized egg into multiple embryos, each of which can develop into a separate individual. This technique has been used to clone some species of frogs and fish, but it is not suitable for cloning mammals.
Despite its potential benefits, animal cloning has also been the subject of much controversy. Some people argue that cloning animals is unethical because it involves manipulating the genetics of living organisms. Others are concerned about the welfare of cloned animals, as the cloning process has a high failure rate and can result in the birth of animals with serious health problems.
There is also the question of whether or not it is appropriate to use animals for human benefit, as many of the animals that are cloned are used for medical research or as food sources. Some people believe that it is wrong to use animals in this way, regardless of whether they are clones or not.
Despite these concerns, animal cloning research has continued to advance. In the future, it is possible that cloning could be used to create genetically modified animals that are resistant to diseases or have other desirable traits. However, it is important that this research is conducted ethically and that the welfare of the animals involved is carefully considered.
Animal Cloning And Biomedical Research
. If scientists were able to clone people easily and effectively, they would no longer need to use humans and they could solve genetic diseases. Based on such a benefit, human cloning may become more acceptable as technology is refined to address some of the concerns raised Smith et al. . Another reason why identical twins are not clones in the same respect is because twins share all their genetic material, whereas clones only share their core DNA. Many of the parents have to give these special children extra care even though their survival rate is low.
However, human cloning remains a farfetched idea due to the documented miniature success rates. Cells are collected from a donor animal and cultured in vitro outside the living organism. The stem cells have provided a breakthrough in medicine by creating new tissues that might be able to heal the damage caused by heart attack or repair severed spinal cord Fairbanks, 2004. However, he did not think it entailed people treating animals in a cruel manner. I need some guidance for my research paper. Cloning happens in nature at times. The issue of whether or not the government should ban cloning has Animal Cloning Essay Jurassic Park.
Essays on Cloning. Essay topics and examples of research paper about Cloning
Another possible use of cloned animals is for testing new drugs and treatment strategies Paterson et al. Say you have an animal who has always been a great breeder, but it is getting to the point when she can't be bred anymore. Other instances of cloning are when asexual reproduction in some particular organisms and the growth of twins from a solitary fertilized cell. The first time the U. Many of the studies and discoveries that are being made today in the fields of human genetics are truly revolutionary.
According to the Compassion in World Farming Report, in 2010 there were an estimated six thousand livestock clones worldwide. Stem cell are classified into three categories; Totipotent, which are found in early embryos, pluripotent exist in the inner cell mass and can from over 200 cell types in the human body, and multipotent that are derived from fetal tissue, cord blood and adult stem cells. Particularly if surrogate mother of a relative, non-endangered specie is used. Dolly the sheep was the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell. The science of cloning has only grown from that first successful experiment. In this way, the state can allow infertile couples to enjoy the comfort of a family using this innovation. Even then, the The Ethicality of Animal Cloning The idea of cloning has been one that has fascinated me since I was a child.
The moral issues are associated with the fact that we are now entering a world where we can change our human composition, our environment and determine what future generations will look like. Proponents of animal cloning further maintain that any criticism of animal cloning must be made against a backdrop of standard practices involving animals, in areas such as research, agriculture, and sport, which also involve pain and suffering. This additional DNA is then activated, after which the cell develops into an embryo that is then transferred to finish its term inside a surrogate female. Biological technology has developed over the years and as such, it has become possible to clone animals artificially. However, cloning may be the only solution for families facing issues of infertility and thus the need regulate rather than ban it. Sometimes, chemicals were used to facilitate fertilization. The information is the exact same for every cell in the animal.
There is limited information on immunity and its not clear on if there could be an increased risk to the public if clones are more susceptible to infection. Ethical issues in animal cloning. As such the consequences may prove to be catastrophic and as such a tort system needs to work in consortium with Government regulations. Cloning occurs naturally in the animal and plant kingdoms through a process called asexual reproduction. This is not a practice that gained a lot of attention like the practice of cloning did.
Many people dream to extend a life time for their loves one and to be able to express their hidden feelings in their mind after their loved one has disappeared from their life. Not everyone will agree on some of the techniques used, but most people understand why someone would want to save their life. Some ways are through blood samples from a vein or heel, saliva samples, skin samples, or hair samples. From the existing statistics, although the few attempts that have been successful seem to show that cloning is possible, it has been reported that the success rates stand at about 5% for some species, but a slow as 1% for others Lane 126. Do our rights override that of animals, and if they do, should we be allowed to decide the fate of these animals? A clone is simply one living thing made from another, leading to two organisms with the same set of genes.
In therapeutic cloning, the cloned embryos do not develop beyond a clump of cells and will never be implanted into a female National Academy of Sciences 2002. The placental defects, cardiovascular problems, and increased birth size are some of the issues that are realized with the cloning process, and this means that there is the possibility of a good number of the body organs failing to develop well in the cloned animals. The inaccuracy in epigenetic reprogramming may create abnormalities in any gene expression and this can create a wide spectrum of potential defects. Bioethicists often disagree among themselves over the precise limits of their discipline, debating whether the field should concern itself with the ethical evaluation of all questions involving biology and medicine, or only a subset of these questions. Reproductive cloning and therapeutic cloning use the same techniques, and both involve the creation, use, and destruction of embryos.
International Conference on Animal Cloning Applications ICACA in December 2025 in London
Boone The Legal Challenge: There are a number of legal considerations when dealing with human subjects in biotechnology or genetic engineering. With the continuation of advancements in animal cloning, it is feasible for this process to become an accepted reality into many sectors of our lives. Another positive to this would be uniformity. For instance, Dolly was the only one to develop from 277 clones Wilmut et al. If a producer wanted more uniform, higher quality products such as meat, cloning a higher quality animal would be an easier, more effective way to get the uniformity they desire, which will then help their income. To activate the cell, scientists normally give the cell a small electric shock. Gene Cloning Gene cloning, or DNA cloning, is very different from reproductive and therapeutic cloning.
The clone is the copied material, which has the same genetic built as the original. However, the artificial cloning technologies existed even before the introduction of Dolly the sheep, and it can be noted that there exist two major ways through which the copy of an organism can be made genetically. Cloning can be used to preserve the genetics of old, diseased, or dead animals, re-create animals without reproductive issues, eliminate diseases, create herd uniformity, and so many other things. Animal Cloning and Experimentation March 22 2011 Is Cloning Animals Ethical? Usually, when people talk about cloning, they are referring to this type of cloning. According to Craig Freudenrich How Cloning Works , clones are genetically identical organisms. Starting with an overview of cloning and the techniques used to clone. After 4 days of embryonic cell division, the cells begin to specialize into pluripotent stem cells.
