An adjective clause is a type of dependent clause that functions as an adjective in a sentence. It modifies a noun or pronoun and is usually introduced by a relative pronoun such as "who," "whom," "whose," "that," or "which." Adjective clauses typically provide additional information about the noun or pronoun they modify.
For example, in the sentence "The man who spoke at the conference was very knowledgeable," the adjective clause "who spoke at the conference" modifies the noun "man." It tells us more about the man by specifying which man we are talking about.
An adverb clause, on the other hand, is a type of dependent clause that functions as an adverb in a sentence. It modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb and is typically introduced by a subordinating conjunction such as "because," "since," "after," "although," or "while." Adverb clauses provide additional information about the time, place, manner, condition, or reason for the action or state described in the main clause of the sentence.
For example, in the sentence "I will go to the store after I finish my homework," the adverb clause "after I finish my homework" modifies the verb "go." It tells us when the action of going to the store will take place.
Both adjective clauses and adverb clauses are dependent clauses because they cannot stand alone as complete sentences. They must be combined with an independent clause to form a complete sentence.
In summary, adjective clauses provide additional information about a noun or pronoun in a sentence, while adverb clauses provide additional information about the time, place, manner, condition, or reason for the action or state described in the main clause. Both types of clauses are dependent clauses that must be combined with an independent clause to form a complete sentence.